- Rayleigh Scattering is what makes the sky blue.
- The sun's effect on clouds is different when you look towards versus away from the sun.
- From the towards the point of view, light shines around the edges of the clouds, almost outlining them with light.
- From the away point of view, light falls more evenly on the surface of the clouds, making them look like the clouds we usually think of and get darker towards the bottom. Small clouds are not as dense as large clouds so they are more opaque.
- One way to learn about the color of the sky is to use paint swatches from a store or a mirror to reflect the color of the sky. You can match the best color to the color of the sky.
- The sky will get lighter as it gets towards the sun, from the solar glare, and darker/more saturated away from the sun. In addition, the horizon is lighter than the open sky.
- Overall, you will need four starting colors to paint the sky.
- Atmospheric Perspective
![Image result for distance painting](https://www.artistsnetwork.com/store/media/catalog/product/cache/2/thumbnail/600x/17f82f742ffe127f42dca9de82fb58b1/k/e/kerseyvillagefinal.jpg)
- Things in the distance are obscured from the viewer by the illuminated air in between. The objects will eventually blend in closely with the sky, becoming more blue and light.
- Distant silhouettes blend together and lose clarity as they fade away.
- White objects in atmospheric perspective will grow in warmth. Clouds and sunsets become bright orange and red. This phenomenon only occurs when the air is clear and illuminated by the light.
- When moisture is added to he air, like by a waterfall or river, the tones are lightened and warmed.
- Reverse Atmospheric Perspective
- In some instances, the light becomes warmer further back into the scene. When dust or moisture lingers in the area of the sunlight, the light catches on the particles and scatters.
- This kind of lighting conveys a sense of strangeness or excitement.
- Golden Hour Lighting
- Golden hour is a short period of time at dawn and dusk in which natural colors are enhanced by the sun's light, which comes tangent onto the earth's surface and illuminates the things in its path.
- The light has further distance to travel, and so releases more light, making colors richer.
- Sunsets
- Sunsets can be hard to capture because there are many layers of air that the light interacts with on its way to the surface. When the sky has lots of moisture, pollution, or dust, the sun will make bright red and yellow colors as it sets. After the sun has set, a layer of grey color rises up where it went down.
- Clouds catch light on the underside because the light. Clouds closer to the sun will be a brighter color and those higher will be closer to white.
- Fog, Mist, Smoke, Dust
![Image result for dusty air painting](https://thumbs-prod.si-cdn.com/6NcxSAjuLbrMExWRKKR7tJonEs0=/800x600/filters:no_upscale()/https://public-media.si-cdn.com/filer/0c/f9/0cf93517-a588-48cb-a067-b5d0765e294d/turner_sunset_painting.jpg)
- In any of these conditions, the light is scattered by the particles in the air. It isn't able to directly reach the ground, so it bounces around and can come from anywhere. Thus, extreme contrast is dimmed.
- Rainbows
![Image result for rainbow painting](https://s3fs.paintnite.com/img/uploaded/2016/06/thumb/paintings577197fb6693b.jpeg)
- Rainbows are a result of light refracting through the rain. Rainbows don't grow or diminish in size with distance since they are only created by the angle that the viewer is seeing the light. If there are two rainbows, the second rainbow's colors are reversed because it bounces twice through the raindrops.
- When painting a rainbow, the rainbow colors will always be lighter than their background because of the extra light.
- Sunbeams and Shadowbeams
- In dusty or moisture-laden air, sunbeams and shadowbeams are likely to appear. Sunbeams only happen in specific conditions:
- 1. A layer of clouds, foliage, or architecture has only a few openings.
- 2. Air is filled with smog, dust, or smoke.
- 3. The perspective is looking at the sun.
- Sunbeams usually make shadows on a form much darker and the light a little lighter. Sunbeams and shadowbeams should only be used every once in a while, as they catch a lot of attention
- Dappled Light
- The light that falls through the leaves will be different sizes or shapes depending on the foliage above. When a shape falls onto a surface that isn't flat, it will spread out.
- Cloud Shadows
- Clouds sometimes interrupt the light from the sun. This can be helpful to direct the viewer's attention.
- Do not transition from sun to shadow too quickly, and make sure that the clouds match the shadows.
- Illuminated Foreground
- When you illuminate the foreground of a painting it is inviting the viewer to look there.
- Snow and Ice
- Snow is able to pick up more color than clouds or foam, so shadows are also going to pick up more color. As snow gets older, it gets darker and denser, making it shinier.
- Water: Reflection and Transparency
- Water is only especially reflective when you look at it straight across at a very shallow angle. When you look down on the surface of the water, not much light reflects back up to you. The reflections of light objects in the water will be darker than the actual object because some of the light will travel through the surface of the water instead of bouncing off.
- Color Underwater
- Water filters out color that passes through it. When you get deep enough, the only colors that remain are violet and blue.
- color blindness affects about 10% of the population.
- our role as artists is to share the world how we see it with others so they can see it for themselves.
- The visual brain processes tonal information separately from color information.
- Tonal pathway of thought interprets the where
- Color pathway interprets what.
- specifically moonlight
- Moonlight:
- moonlight is a neutral or reddish colored light
- is so close to the minimum threshold of our color receptors
- why do so many artists paint moonlight with a blue or green tint?
- Do we actually see it that way?
- Edges and Depth:
- Oversharpness in paintings happens because our eyes naturally adjust their focus to both near and far objects
- This can confuse a viewer and should be adjusted so that the painter can emphasize the focus of the painting.
- Adaptation and Contrast:
- shadows or planes are unaffected directly by the light receiving a complimentary contrast to the hue of the light source.
- The Munsell System:
- These colors range in value from black(0) to white(10) and a range of chroma from least to most intense. thus creating a cylindrical shape.
- Grays and Neutrals:
- use grays mixed from the color tint your painting to balance the contrast and harmonize the painting
- Monochromatic Scenes:
- The monochromatic color scheme is composed of any single hue taken through a range of value and chroma.
- Monochromatic paintings often have an antique feel.
![Image result for monochromatic paintings](https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/jTDXcGgApprm3g7D1hXMjZ-Bx2Q=/768x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/8231178822_738f0c47cd_o-57c734135f9b5829f46e9338.jpg)
- Warm and Cool:
- Some languages have only two words to describe a color.
- One for Warm colors and one for cool.
- A color can be warm next to a cooler color and cool next to a different warm color.
![Image result for warm and cool colors](https://designshack.net/wp-content/uploads/warm-wheel.jpg)
- Triadic Color schemes and Color Accent:
- These two forms and systems of painting can emphasize specific parts of a painting.
- an artist can choose where they want to lead the eye and how to define the focus point.
- A color accent is any small area of color that is noticeably different from the rest of the colors in the composition.
- can be used for main focus and to unify a piece.
- "A curious, less tense mind makes better choices and observations"
- if that's the case I must be pretty unobservant
- Steps:
- 1. Shape
- 2. color
- 3. foreground
- 4. Details
- 5. Forming shape
- 6. cleaning edges
- 7. Last minute Adjustments
- Sources of Light
- Overcast Light: Colors seem brighter and purer than in direct sunlight.
- Window Light: Light coming through windows is usually bluish.
- Direct Sunlight: Sun,blue sky, and reflected light.
- Candlelight and Fire Light: Yellow-orange in color.
- Indoor electric Light: When painting with incandescent and fluorescent light consider, Relative Brightness, hardness or softness, and color cast.
- Streetlights and Night Conditions: I'm gonna try some night painting
- Check and re-check
- iteration is one of the most important parts of the design process.
- simplifying and then detailing
- There are steps to each piece
- don't be afraid to rework a piece until you're happy